|
''Escherichia coli'' O104:H4 is an Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli strain of the bacterium ''Escherichia coli'', and the cause of the 2011 ''Escherichia coli'' O104:H4 outbreak.〔 〕 The "O" in the serological classification identifies the cell wall lipopolysaccharide antigen, and the "H" identifies the flagella antigen. Analysis of genomic sequences obtained by BGI Shenzhen shows that the O104:H4 outbreak strain is an enteroaggregative ''E. coli'' (EAEC or EAggEC) type that has acquired Shiga toxin genes, presumably by horizontal gene transfer.〔 〕〔 〕〔 〕 Genome assembly and copy-number analysis both confirmed that two copies of the Shiga toxin stx2 prophage gene cluster are a distinctive characteristic of the genome of the O104:H4 outbreak strain.〔 〕〔 〕 The O104:H4 strain is characterized by these genetic markers:〔〔 〕 * Shiga toxin stx2 positive * tellurite resistance gene cluster positive * intimin adherence gene negative * β-lactamases ampC, ampD, ampE, ampG, ampH are present. The European Commission (EC) integrated approach to food safety〔 〕 defines a case of Shiga-like toxin-producing ''E. coli'' (STEC) diarrhea caused by O104:H4 by an acute onset of diarrhea or bloody diarrhea together with the detection of the Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) or the Shiga gene ''stx2''.〔 〕 Prior to the 2011 outbreak, only one case identified as O104:H4 had been observed, in a woman in South Korea in 2005.〔 〕 == Pathophysiology == ''E. coli'' O104 is a Shiga toxin–producing ''E. coli'' (STEC). The toxins cause illness and the associated symptoms by sticking to the intestinal cells and aggravating the cells along the intestinal wall.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Escherichia coli O104:H4」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|